In April 2017, Neuralink announced that it was aiming to make devices to treat serious brain diseases in the short-term, with the eventual goal of human enhancement, sometimes called transhumanism. The trademark 'Neuralink' was purchased from its previous owners in January 2017. The group of initial hires consisted of experts in areas such as neuroscience, biochemistry and robotics. Neuralink was founded in 2016 by Elon Musk and a founding team of seven scientists and engineers. The Pioneer Building in San Francisco, formerly housing the offices of Neuralink and OpenAI As of May 2023, they have been approved for human trials in the United States.

They had anticipated starting experiments with humans in 2020, but have since moved that projection to 2023.

At that time, Neuralink announced that it was working on a 'sewing machine-like' device capable of implanting very thin (4 to 6 μm in width ) threads into the brain, and demonstrated a system that read information from a lab rat via 1,500 electrodes. By July 2019, it had received $158 million in funding (of which $100 million was from Musk) and was employing a staff of 90 employees. Since its founding, the company has hired several high-profile neuroscientists from various universities. Founded by Elon Musk and a team of seven scientists and engineers, Neuralink was launched in 2016 and was first publicly reported in March 2017. Neuralink Corporation is an American neurotechnology company that is developing implantable brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), based in Fremont, California as of 2022.

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